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2. Other considerations are discussed in Henry F. Salerno, Politics, the Media and
the Drama, Journal of American Culture, 1 (1978), pp. 189 194.
3. Review of Seven Days in May (Motion Picture), Variety, February 5, 1964.
4. The Twilight Zone episode entitled The Monsters Are Due on Maple Street
was first broadcast in March 1960.
5. In addition, both series spawned remakes. The Twilight Zone was the basis of
an ill-fated movie in 1983 (perhaps more famous because TV star Vic Morrow died
in a helicopter accident during production than because of its relative merits) and
attempts to revive it as a televised series in the 1990s and 2000s. It was difficult
for these productions to match the formidable reputation and expectations raised by
the original series, however. The Outer Limits was more successfully revived in the
mid-1990s as a series for the popular cable network Showtime, with episodes also
syndicated to broadcast stations. Production of the show eventually moved to the
Sci-Fi Channel. Although production terminated in 2002, it continued to be aired
after that date.
6. Mark Lane, quoted in Bob Callahan, Who Shot JFK?: A Guide to the Major
Conspiracy Theories (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993), p. 17.
7. Mrk Lane, Rush to Judgment: A Critique of the Warren Commission s Inquiry
into the Murders of President John F. Kennedy, Officer J. D. Tippit, and Lee Harvey
Oswald (New York: Holt, 1966).
8. Bernard Weiner and Emile de Antonio, Radical Scavenging: An Interview with
Emile de Antonio, Film Quarterly, 25, no. 1 (Autumn 1971), p. 8.
9. Review of Rush to Judgment (Motion Picture), Variety, June 7, 1967.
10. For a general discussion of these programs, see Wesley Britton, Spy Television
(Westport, CT: Praeger, 2004).
11. See Chris R. Tame, Different Values: An Analysis of Patrick McGoohan s The
Prisoner (London: Libertarian Alliance, 1983).
Notes 177
12. An example of critical opinion of the film can be found in Robert B. Frederick,
review of 2001: A Space Odyssey (Motion Picture), The Washington Post, April 3,
1968.
CHAPTER 5: SCANDAL AND SKEPTICISM
1. Review of Executive Action (Motion Picture), Variety, November 7, 1973.
2. Toni Mastroianni, Executive Action Filled with Subtle Drama, Cleveland Press,
November 15, 1973.
3. Roger Ebert, review of Executive Action (Motion Picture), Chicago Sun-Times,
November 20, 1973.
4. Richard Schickel, review of The Conversation (Motion Picture), Time, July 8,
1974.
5. Richard Schickel, review of The Parallax View (Motion Picture), Time, July
8, 1974.
6. Ian S. Scott, Either You Bring Water to L.A. or You Bring L.A. to Water :
Politics, Perceptions and the Pursuit of History in Roman Polanski s Chinatown,
European Journal of American Studies, 2 (2007). [Online resource]
7. It was adapted, with a superfluous title change, from James Grady s novel Six
Days of the Condor.
8. Roger Ebert, review of Three Days of the Condor (Motion Picture), The Chicago
Sun-Times, January 1, 1975.
9. Review of All the President s Men (Motion Picture), Variety, March 31,
1976.
10. Michael Schudson, Watergate in American Memory (New York: Basic Books,
1992).
11. This phenomenon is commented upon in David Bowdley, Hollywood Goes
to the Moon: The Greatest Hoax of Them All? Physics Education, 38 (2003),
pp. 406 412.
CHAPTER 6: VISION AND RE-VISION
1. The movie was based on a novel of the same name by David Morrell.
2. See Gordon Arnold, The Afterlife of America s War in Vietnam: Changing Visions
in Politics and on Screen (Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2006), pp. 81 84.
3. The script was based on a story by Kevin Jarre.
4. Arnold, The Afterlife of America s War in Vietnam.
5. Roger Ebert, review of Blow Out (Motion Picture), Chicago Sun-Times, Jan-
uary 1, 1981.
6. Review of Silkwood (Motion Picture), Variety, December 14, 1983.
7. For a thorough discussion, see Jodi Dean, Aliens in America: Conspiracy Cultures
from Outerspace to Cyberspace (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press).
8. See Karl T. Pflock, The Young Mortician On Call That Night, Omni Magazine
(Fall 1995), pp. 100 105.
9. Among the best-known publications that raised public awareness of the old story
was Charles Berlitz, The Roswell Incident (New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1980).
178 Notes
10. See Michael Barkun, A Culture of Conspiracy: Apocalyptic Visions in Contem-
porary America (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2003), p. 30.
11. See Arnold, The Afterlife of America s War in Vietnam, pp. 102 105.
CHAPTER 7: A NEW AGE OF CONSPIRACY
1. Desson Howe, review of JFK (Motion Picture), The Washington Post, Decem-
ber 20, 1991.
2. Ibid.
3. Review of JFK (Motion Picture), Variety, January 20, 1992.
4. Ibid.
5. Gordon Arnold, The Afterlife of America s War in Vietnam (Jefferson, NC:
McFarland, 2006), pp. 143 144.
6. These statements are recorded in Arnold, The Afterlife of America s War in
Vietnam, p. 145.
7. Ibid.
8. Bruce Loeb, Kennedy, Vietnam, and Oliver Stone s Big Lie, USA Today Mag-
azine, May 1993.
9. Reported in a transcript of NewsHour, the PBS public affairs program, on
November 20, 1993.
10. Oliver Stone, as quoted in Peter Travers, Oh What a Tangled Web, Rolling
Stone, January 23, 1992.
11. Oliver Stone, as quoted in Gregg Kilday, Oliver Stoned, Entertainment
Weekly, January 14, 1994, pp. 28 33.
12. See H. Johnson, Divided We Fall: Gambling with History in the Nineties (New
York: Norton, 1994), p. 48.
13. Howard Chua-Eoan, Tripped Up By Lies, Time, October 11, 1993.
14. Ibid.
15. Peter Baker and John F. Harris, Clinton Admits to Lewinsky Relationship,
Challenges Starr to End Personal Prying, The Washington Post, August 18, 1998.
16. Hillary Rodham Clinton, quoted in Excerpts of Mrs. Clinton Interview, The
Washington Post, January 27, 1998.
17. Todd McCarthy, The Truman Show (Motion Picture), Variety, April 27,
1998.
CHAPTER 8: BELIEF AND DISBELIEF
1. Mervyn F. Bendle, The Apocalyptic Imagination and Popular Culture, Journal
of Religion and Popular Culture, 11 (Fall 2005). [Online resource]
2. Seymour Hersh, Annals of National Security: Selective Intelligence: Donald
Rumsfeld Has His Own Special Sources: Are They Reliable? The New Yorker,
May 12, 2003, p. 44.
3. Rebuilding America s Defenses: Strategies, Forces, and Resources for a New Cen-
tury, Washington, DC, Project for the New American Century, 2000.
4. Kirk Hunnicutt, review of Fahrenheit 9/11 (Motion Picture), The Hollywood
Reporter, May 18, 2004.
Notes 179
5. Michael Wilmington, review of Fahrenheit 9/11 (Motion Picture), The Chicago
Tribune, June 25, 2004.
6. Lev Grossman, Why the 9/11 Conspiracy Theories Won t Go Away, Time,
September 3, 2006, p. 46.
7. Ibid.
8. Ruthe Stein, The International Battle for Oil Has Rarely Seemed So Confus-
ing, San Francisco Chronicle, December 9, 2005.
9. John S. Nelson, Conspiracy as a Hollywood Trope for System, Political Com-
munication, 20 (2003), p. 499.
10. Lee Basham, Malevolent Global Conspiracy, Journal of Social Philosophy,
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